Social Marketing Propaganda Effectiveness on Attitude Change Essay

Social Marketing Propaganda Effectiveness on Attitude Change - Essay Example The idea that a group assumes control over the desire of an individual much like the proposals of a subliminal specialist order the oblivious to the spellbound are elevated in attempting to dissect swarm conduct, (Wichers, 1996).  The study of social impact tends to the issue of how and why individuals change their musings, emotions, and conduct of others through such procedures as congruity, influence, and disposition change consistence and respecting social powers and in particular, the investigation of social impacts targets creating instruments to oppose undesirable and unwanted social impacts. Jowett and O'Donnell, (2006) concur that time isolates the investigation of publicity from the political belief systems that floated over academe exposed war period and there is an away from of enthusiasm for the significance of the jobs played by promulgation in the numerous parts of the cutting edge life, not really identified with universal interest and military crusades as the princi pal world encompassing war changes the direction of social impact research. ...Then again purposeful publicity and Social promoting are comparative in philosophies as social advertising is the making into move and control measures planned for affecting the adequacy of social thoughts and including contemplations of item arranging, valuing, correspondence, dissemination, and showcasing research which is totally planned for impacting singular reasoning capacities and recognition towards an item, (Kotler and Zaltman, 1971). In this definition, the belief system of publicity and social promoting are pushed forward by philosophy as opposed to pulled by attractive buyer center and henceforth the thoughts that characterize social advertising antiquities are uncommon. In the United States and Britain the war was set apart by a time of nationalism and after the war, numerous individuals got baffled by the outcomes coming to feel that they have been tricked by the purposeful publicity behind it. In light of human conduct, the Zeitgeist of the occasions energized the conviction that social impact and mass purposeful publicity was almighty dependent on the recommendation hypotheses from therapy or behaviorism’s confidence in pliable human conduct where scientists and researchers started archiving this conviction just as endeavoring to discover approaches to immunize residents from promulgation, (Pratkanis, 2007). Frail impacts of these factors on social impact as then again in the 1940 Presidential crusade it was seen that couple of voters changed their democratic inclinations because of the broad communications content because of the period 1890 †1914 saw the improvement of completely fledged publicizing offices (Cull, Culbert and Welch, 2003).

From Here to Now to You by Jack Johnson free essay sample

Ive got everything, Ive got you Ahhh, sweet what my ears were longing to hear. Jack Johnsons collection From Here to Now to You is unadulterated gold. It says what our hearts can not, and is both ground-breaking and inspiring. Everything from the ideal songs to Jacks impeccable verses loaded up with rich nectar. Totally magnificent and fulfilling, this collection is an unquestionable requirement have for any Jack Johnson fan. On May eighteenth, 1975 a genuine legend was naturally introduced to the excellent and inviting Hawaiian sea shores. I am absolutley overwhelmed by Jacks collection. It is amazing, I can simply imagine myself sitting on the radiant sea shores of Maui, earphones connected to my ears, tuning in to the both cool and hot sounds from Jacks new hit. Everything from this collection shouts DANCE! Its helpful and causes you to feel incredible about yourself. I am not suprised that this collection is unadulterated virtuoso, everything from Jack is. We will compose a custom exposition test on From Here to Now to You by Jack Johnson or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I was amazingly dazzled by From Here to Now to You, the delightful melodies caused my preference for Jack to grow a couple football handle more. I intend to buy this mind boggling and cunning collection. Alongside purchasing passes to see Johnson live in show. This will most certainly be the best show I will go to. How I know this? Once youve tuned in to From Here to Now to You, you will both know and comprehend. Goodness, dont express gratitude toward me for revealing some insight into you, say thanks to Jack, for his delightful gem, that makes me grin for a long time. Much obliged to you.

Testing For Gossip

Testing For Gossip In ancient Greece, Socrates was reputed to hold knowledge in high esteem. One day an acquaintance met the great philosopher and said, Do you know what I just heard about your friend?Hold on a minute, Socrates replied. Before telling me anything Id like you to pass a little test. Its called the Triple Filter Test.Triple filter? Thats right, Socrates continued. Before you talk to me about my friend, it might be a good idea to take a moment and filter what youre going to say. Thats why I call it the triple filter test. The first filter is Truth. Have you made absolutely sure that what you are about to tell me is true?No, the man said, Actually I just heard about it and All right, said Socrates. So you dont really know if its true or not. Now lets try the second filter, the filter of Goodness. Is what you are about to tell me about my friend something good?No, on the contrary.So, Socrates continued, you want to tell me something bad about him, but youre not certain its true. You may sti ll pass the test though, because theres one filter left: The filter of Usefulness. Is what you want to tell me about my friend going to be useful to me?No, not really.Well, concluded Socrates, if what you want to tell me is neither true nor good nor even useful, why tell it to me at all?Author Unknown Submitted by Amoda

Testing For Gossip

Testing For Gossip In ancient Greece, Socrates was reputed to hold knowledge in high esteem. One day an acquaintance met the great philosopher and said, Do you know what I just heard about your friend?Hold on a minute, Socrates replied. Before telling me anything Id like you to pass a little test. Its called the Triple Filter Test.Triple filter? Thats right, Socrates continued. Before you talk to me about my friend, it might be a good idea to take a moment and filter what youre going to say. Thats why I call it the triple filter test. The first filter is Truth. Have you made absolutely sure that what you are about to tell me is true?No, the man said, Actually I just heard about it and All right, said Socrates. So you dont really know if its true or not. Now lets try the second filter, the filter of Goodness. Is what you are about to tell me about my friend something good?No, on the contrary.So, Socrates continued, you want to tell me something bad about him, but youre not certain its true. You may sti ll pass the test though, because theres one filter left: The filter of Usefulness. Is what you want to tell me about my friend going to be useful to me?No, not really.Well, concluded Socrates, if what you want to tell me is neither true nor good nor even useful, why tell it to me at all?Author Unknown Submitted by Amoda

Cultural Profile Black And Asian Cultures - 921 Words

My cultural profile is Black or African-American to pull in the ancestral heritage. Black culture has given more than afros, cool dance moves, and music to the world. Unfortunately, the media and mainstream continue to highlight this with generalizations and stereotypes. Black culture has values, traditions, and unique communication styles that have developed the platform for other cultures, such as, Mexicans and Asian cultures to strive from despite our differences. Understanding my cultural profile has allowed me to proudly identify myself as a Black woman in American. My cultural profile compared to Mexican and Asian cultures share similarities. We all have and still are fighting for equality, respect, and political standpoints that support our cultures beliefs. Even though slavery was abolished the Jim Crow system created a new way to continue racism (Socialtoday). Jim Crow segregated blacks from whites and tried to establish social norms. For example, Black men were not allowed to make eye contact with women (social today). In the 1960s the Civil Right Movement created a whole new identify for Black people across America. Blacks from all over joined together and peacefully fought the system of oppression and racism (social today). We define ourselves as â€Å"Black is Beautiful† ( social today). Prominent leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela took their practices from Gandhi to eliminate the generalization Black people are violent. They displayed theShow MoreRelatedCultural Profile With Mexican And Asian Cultures940 Word s   |  4 Pages My cultural profile is black, or African-American to pull in the ancestral heritage. Black culture has given more than afros’, cool dance moves, and music to the world. Unfortunately, the media and mainstream continue to highlight this with generalizations and stereotypes. Black culture has values, traditions, and unique communication styles that have developed the platform for other cultures, such as Mexican and Asian culture, despite our differences. Understanding my cultural profile has allowedRead More Race Relations in Modern American Society Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesby many Blacks to refer to the overwhelming power stemming from white racist tendencies. This racial tension can sometimes can cause the oppressed to band together against the oppressor. Many times, the most prevalent link is between the African American community and the Latino community. Here we find two groups of people with very similar lifestyles who find camaraderie between themselves when dea ling with America’s racism. Although the specifics may differ, the experiences of Blacks and LatinosRead MoreAcademic Apartheid, By Lee And Zhou777 Words   |  4 Pagesdata, the author argues that a high-prestige comprehensive high school uses a continuation school in the same school district as a â€Å"dumping ground† of underperforming students—who are disproportionately black and Latino and/or socioeconomically disadvantaged compared to the overall student profile of the school district—as a way to maintain their institutional prestige and â€Å"success frame.† Since the curricula offered at the two schools are also starkly different—one offering honors and advanced placementRead MoreCommunity Health Assessment : Fresh Meadows1485 Words   |  6 Pagessmall town was first named â€Å"Flushing Meadows† before the American Revolution. This was due to large areas of wet meadows that were also partially located in Flushing. Nonetheless, Fresh Meadows has become home to many with its diverse community in cultures and ages, and activities for the local. Community Overview Fresh Meadows lies in the school district of 26, popularly known as one of the best school districts in New York City. With this reason, the neighborhood is family-friendly. Many newlywedsRead MoreAcademic Apartheid : Separate And Unequal Schooling867 Words   |  4 Pagesdata, the author argues that a high-prestige comprehensive high school uses a continuation school in the same school district as a â€Å"dumping ground† of underperforming students—who are disproportionately black and Latino and/or socioeconomically disadvantaged compared to the overall student profile of the school district—as a way to maintain their institutional prestige and â€Å"success frame.† Since the curricula offered at the two schools are also starkly different—one offering honors and advanced placementRead MoreThe Accidental Asian: Notes of a Native Speaker Summary Essay867 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1998, Eric Liu wrote a book about his struggle with acculturation title d â€Å"The Accidental Asian†. A chapter within the book called â€Å"Notes of a Native Speaker† depicts an essay written by Liu which fully describes his struggles with race and how he overcame them. Eric Liu is an American born Taiwanese Asian. His parents immigrated to the United States before he was born and in so, gave him a mixed cultural background. He started becoming a writer after attending Yale University and graduating fromRead MoreEssay on Criminal Profiling1253 Words   |  6 Pagesthings to think of when it comes to forensic psychology. Criminal profiling is featured in popular television shows such as in Law and Order and CSI. Often in those shows, the police officers were able to catch the criminals based on the criminal profile that forensic psychologists came up with. In a theory, the polices rely on criminal profiling to catch criminals, educate the public about a possible criminal, and confirm the witnesses’ accounts. Criminal profiling i nvolves using various methodsRead MoreAnalysis Of Jim Crow s Counterculture1468 Words   |  6 Pagesmusic is understood as detailed journey taken by African Americans and motivated by social factors. Its thematic concepts are built around a musical biography. The author has an interest in blues music genre, and its development relationship with blacks and whites communities. He adopted a critical approach towards racial differentiation and political identity. According to Lawson (175), blues artist soon realized that nationality was a better approach to ethnicity than racial limitations. The bluesRead MoreDesign Elements And Principles Of Art1173 Words   |  5 Pagesthe forest was drawing any big the mountains would look closer and smaller. Character Profile Based on the design and nature of the art work, it is easy to recognize correlations to Asian culture. In the eastern part of the world paintings of small tree and other scenery of nature it is not uncommon. This includes religion, cultural trends, and preference. The piece can also be associating with Asian culture simply because the hand fan is often associated with eastern lifestyle. The fan its selfRead MoreRacial Discrimination : The Melting Pot Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesWhen one is asked to define the United States of America, many say it is the â€Å"melting pot† meaning different races, cultures and people come together as one. However, America being called the â€Å"melting pot† is a controversial issue because, even though there are many different races in America, racism still exists. Many years after the world war I and II, the country is still struggling with racial prejudice and discrimination. While there are laws that are put into place to protect employees or job

Gender Identity Disorder, Identity, And The Basis For A...

Transsexuality has been variously constructed throughout the latter part of the twentieth century as a psychiatric disorder, identity category, and the basis for a political movement. Throughout history transsexualism was discursively constituted through each of these frameworks of reference, in which different psycho-medical assertions were employed to conceptualize trans identities. Today transsexuality, also known as gender identity disorder (GID), represents a term that is medically used to categorize and diagnose individuals who show a strong and persistent cross-gender identification and discomfort with their anatomical sex. For example, an individual that believes that his and or her assigned sex at birth conflicts with their psychological gender, and is likewise preoccupied with getting rid of their sex characteristics is an individual who suffers from GID. In response to the medicalization of transsexualism, much of society’s current legal and social understanding of trans persons has become rooted in the ongoing medico-scientific discourse. Moreover, modern-day transsexualism has been historically and socio-medically constructed through the growing demand for self-expression and transformation, which correspondingly challenges the sex and gender regime of the West. The term transsexual first appeared in the scientific literature work of Magnus Hirschfled in 1923. He is considered one of the most noted men to have greatly contributed to the medical advancement ofShow MoreRelatedHeterosexualism And Heterosexism1089 Words   |  5 Pages Heterosexism, according to Warren J. Blumenfeld, is the system of advantages given to heterosexuals based on the social construct of gender roles and heterosexual norms, while marginalizing and oppressing homosexuals and others who do not fit into the heterosexual culture (373). The enforcement of this system is known as heteronormality. This is seen in the binary system, which is a social construct that divides people into different strictly bordered categories organized by â€Å"social roles, valuesRead MoreWhy Identity Politics Creates Barriers For Marginalized Groups Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesJacqueline Campos Professor Jeffries 7 October 2016 AMST 101 Many, Out of One: Why Identity Politics Creates Barriers for Marginalized Groups Identity politics is an undeniable twenty first century paradigm among minority groups, sparking discourse across political and social spheres. According to philosopher Cressida Heyes, identity politics is the range of political activity founded in the shared experiences of injustice of members of certain social groups. 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Second, after considering all of the facts we have come to the conclusion that due to changing times and broadening terms, the term â€Å"sex† can no longer solely mean biological sex and must also include factors such as gender, gender identity, and sexualRead MoreFeminism : Waves Of Debates Within Feminism Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesGender 208 Assignment 1: Waves of Debates within Feminism Feminism, in simple terms, refers to a collective desire to end the oppression of women. Because oppression takes various forms and affects those who are victim to it in a number of different, yet often connected ways; feminism should accordingly be regarded as a multifaceted set of movements working towards multiple aims and ends. Which is to say that feminism is less a single movement concerned with the oppression of women, and more aRead MoreA Womans Journey Essay1336 Words   |  6 Pagesworking towards an overall goal as a group, to achieve economic and political power. Today, this new definition no longer holds true, because many women are misrepresented and confused by many new definitions of feminism. This confusion has created womens ability to take matters into her own hands, and follow her own goals and inspirations-whatever they may be. The first wave of the womens movement started when Abigail Adams wrote her husband, John, to ask him toRead MoreThe United Nations : An Issue Of Morality And Sexual Discrimination Essay1777 Words   |  8 Pagesthe United Nations has made historically to protect the rights of all human beings, gender and sexual minorities continue to be oppressed and are often violently prosecuted for their identities in nations across the globe (UN News, 2016).The United Nations struggles to effectively enforce existing human rights legislation in order to recognize and protect against various human rights abuses which result from gender and sexual orientation, as sexuality is culturally regarded as an issue of moralityRead MoreAre Same-Sex Marriages Cool or ‘Gay?’ An Argument for Same-Sex Marriage1733 Words   |  7 Pagescouldn’t marry the love of your life simply because society doesn’t think that it is right? Can you imagine the devastation you would feel, being told that you are an inferior specimen my society? This travesty is occurring in our country on a daily basis. Same-sex marriage should be nationally legalized in the United States with a law or an amendment because it is a step closer to equality for everyone. There are many obstacles in the way of the national legalization of same-sex marriage. The mostRead MoreThe Resistance Movement of Queer People of Color Essay2865 Words   |  12 PagesThe Resistance Movement of Queer People of Color There is arguably no group that has faced more discrimination in modern society than queer people of color. Although often pushed together into a single minority category, these individuals actually embrace multiple racial and sexual identities. However, they suffer from oppression for being a part of both the ethnic minority and queer communities. As a result, members are abused, harassed, and deprived of equal civil rights in social and economic

Self Essay in English Reviews & Guide

Self Essay in English Reviews & Guide But What About My Self Essay in English? You have to practice multitasking in regards to IELTS listening. The IELTS Test format is straightforward to comprehend and memorize if you desire to attempt it for yourself. Practice before you take the last test. Grammar is among the largest and most frequent difficulties in the English language. Language is accustomed to defining the features of every nation. Learning English language therefore increases one's odds of securing a great employment in your country in addition to abroad. Choosing Good Self Essay in English There is a certain quantity of time provided to the particular person who's taking a test for each module such as half an hour or a whole hour. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about a coming deadline. In case the student is a religious individual, he or she is able to use the additional time at night to read the Bible, pray and reflect on her or his life regarding her or his religion or faith. 1 day, whilst advice the soldiers. Self Essay in English Ideas In India there isn't any individual legislation to cope with bullying at school level. A better comprehension of what type of learning is the most effective for adults is necessary. Further, there's a need to consider unique varieties of bullying at workplaces. The populace of our country is all about 14 crores. My Self Essay in English: No Longer a Mystery Private English medium schools play an important part in rapid development of English. Newspapers are getting to be popular in the backwards regions of the nation. English language is utilized in lots of the Indian websites on the world wide web and thus knowing the language offers you accessibility to a lot of websites so that it is possible to take part in forums and discussions over the net. The content you'll be tested upon will be a lot less difficult to understand and solve. Newspaper is of fantastic value to all of us because it brings a lot of news to us from all over the world. Newspapers serve multiple purposes based on the need and requirement of the folks. They are very effective and powerful give all information at one place from all over the world. Reading news paper is extremely intriguing job. In today's technological world where everything is dependent on the high technology, news is also on the computer and internet. Newspaper is a set of news from throughout the world which keeps us up-to-date about everything going outside. There are several kinds of newspaper and magazines in accordance with their brand and subscription. The Appeal of My Self Essay in English Questions about the test theory together with your private life and interest are asked. Bad grammar and spelling mistakes may also lose you marks if you've repeated the exact same mistak es over and over again. So you are going to be asked to compose the answer as you hear the audio. In case of earning a mistake, it is simple to erase it and write the proper answer with the pencil but should you use a pen, it's going to be tough for you to receive the answer right. The questions are going to be in the shape of eleven different task types. You cannot lose out on the answers during the whole 30 minutes. You're young, and you're very likely to make mistakes, just as I did. Mistakes permit you to learn something forever. Finding the Best Self Essay in English The situation might be anything as it is dependent on which the expert checkers. There's a whole lot more to say, needless to say. Everyone is now interested in knowing the present affairs of the nation. If you don't wish to understand your child lying in a hospital bed experiencing extreme pain, give your son or daughter a curfew. Up in Arms About My Self Essay in English? With that your vocabulary increases substainally. The dictionary includes words which have been in use after the center of the 20th century. In the world there are numerous languages being spoken. It is supposed to be the number one language on the planet.

International Planning Prevention Of Abuse -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Planning Prevention Of Abuse? Answer: Introduction In this report, income tax provisions and rules of corporate bodies have been taken into consideration. This report is prepared on the Woolworths company which has charged income tax and prepared its financial statements as per the income tax rules and regulations. After evaluating the annual report of company, it is evaluated that equity capital of company is accompanied with the three main parts namely, contributed capital, retained earnings and reserve of company. The equity capital of Woolworths Company is accompanied with the following parts. Woolworths Company has divided its equity capital into following parts Common Stock Other Accumulated profit Retained earnings or distributable profit Contributed capital of company- It is the amount of capital invested by company for the consideration of the ownership they take from the company (Woolworths Company, 2017). Retained earnings- It is the amount of profit collected by the company from its earned profit. It is the plugged back by company or distributed to its equity shareholders (Woolworths, 2017). Equity (Amount in dollar million) ($M) 2017 2016 Common stock 5615 5252 Retained earning 3797 3125 Total equity 114 94 Discussion of equity part of the company It is observed that Woolworths Company has increased its equity capital and retained earning throughout the time. It is a good indicator for company. However, accumulated earning has also increased throughout the time. Total equity capital of company has increased by 12% in 2017 as compared to last year data (Woolworths Company, 2017). Income tax expense is the amount of money which is needed to be paid by company on its earning to government. It is shown as charged on the profit in the books of account of company. It is observed that company has been paying high amount of taxes to government on its profit. Therefore, it requires implementing effective tax planning to reduce the tax payment (Woolworths Company, 2017). Particular(AUD $ in million) 2016 2017 Income tax expenses 520 650 Therefore, it could be inferred that Woolworths Company has increased its income tax expenses throughout the time. However, the tax implication has increased due to increase in its taxable profit (Saad, 2014). It is observed that Woolworths Company has been following income tax rules and regulations. Tax amount charged on the profit of company is done on the basis of taxation rules and regulations. On the other hand, between Taxes computation on the basis of tax rate implication on the profit earned by company is done by following accounting rules i.e. 30% of net taxable income of company (1534*30%)=660.2. On the other hand, income tax paid by company is AUD $ 650 million in 2017. There are several reasons which may allow results to differences between Taxes computation on the basis of tax rate implication on the profit earned by company from the tax computed on the basis of taxation rules (Woolworths Company, 2017). Recording of expenses and revenue of the company is different as per the accounting rules and regulations and income tax provisions and laws. For instance, recording of depreciation, bed debts, provisions of company are differently recorded as per the accounting rules and regulations and income tax provisions and laws. Therefore, it could be inferred that recording of expenses and revenue in the books of account is done after complying with the income tax rules and regulations which may differ from the accounting income computed by the accountant of company. The tax charged on the profit of company which is implicated as per the rules and regulations of income tax (Saad, 2014). After evaluating the annual report of Woolworths Company, it is evaluated that company records its deferred tax assets or liabilities in its books of account. Deferred tax assets is recorded when the tax charged as per the income tax rules and regulations is less than the tax computed as per the accounting rules. On the other hand, Deferred tax liabilities is recorded when the tax charged as per the income tax rules is more than the tax computed as per the accounting rules and regulation (Woolworths Company, 2017). It is evaluated that deferred tax is recognized by using balance sheet method and. This method is used for temporary differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities of company and amount used for taxation object (Avi-Yonah, 2007). The deferred tax is not realised in the books of accounts of Eureka group holdings limited so it is not booked in the financial statement of accounts. In current year, deferred tax assets of Woolworths is AUD $ 372 million. Particular (AUD $ million) 2017 2016 Deferred tax assets 372 1110 Deferred tax is the amount of the provision which company keep in its books of account. It is observed that company needs to carry forward this tax amount to next year to set off it against with the future tax payment (De Broe, 2008). Current tax payable and current tax expenses of Eureka group holdings limited Income tax expenses are shown in the income statement of company. .It is observed that income tax charged in the profit and loss account is the tax implication on the current year profit. It is treated as expenses of company and deducted from the overall profit of company to identify the net profit. On the other hand, income tax payable is the amount of tax implication which is yet to be paid by company to government. It is the amount of liabilities which is shown in the liabilities side of company. This income tax payable could be related to either one year or all of the year. Therefore, it could be inferred that these both amount can never be equivalent to each other as it has their own purpose and shown under the different heading in different statements. Income tax charged on the Company is AUD $ 650 million. On the other hand, income tax payable by company is AUD $ 80 million (Yue, 2016). Particular(AUD $ in million) 2016 2017 Income tax payable 80 41 Income tax expense 650 520 Why income tax expenses is not same as the income tax payable There are several reasons which have resulted to differences between tax expenses and tax payable company. Income tax expenses are tax charged on the current year profit. Income tax payable is amount of total tax payable liabilities which company needs to pay to government. Income tax recorded in the profit and loss account. On the other hand, income tax payable is recorded in the balance sheet of company (De Broe, 2008). Is income tax expenses shown in the income statement is not equal to income tax paid in the cash flow statement? If not After analysing the annual report of company, it is observed that income tax expenses shown in the income statement is not equal to income tax paid in the cash flow statement. Why are the differences? Cash flow statement is accompanied with the detail of cash inflow and outflow from the business in current year irrespective of the fact whether it relates to present year of future year. Cash flow statement is used by management of company to make effective management of the cash related issues (Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2013). It is observed that income tax expenses shown in the books of account of company are not equal to the income tax amount shown in the profit and loss account of company. It is observed that income tax charged in the profit and loss account is the tax implication on the current year profit. On the other hand, income tax shown in the cash flow statement of company is the total amount paid by company in the particular year irrespective of the fact whether it relates to present year of future year. Cash flow statement reveals each and every single detail about the cash inflow and outflow from the business. Profit and loss account is prepared with a view to identify th e true and fair view of income earned by company. Therefore, it could be concluded that both statements have their own purpose and prepared to satisfy those purpose only. The income tax expenses shown in the income statement of company is AUD $ 650 million. On the other hand, tax payment shown in the cash flow statement is AUD $ 668 million. The difference between both amounts has emerge due the reasons given above (Woolworths Company, 2017). Treatment of tax in the books of accounts of company It is observed that treatment of tax in the books of company is based on the income tax provisions and rules given under AASB 112. Interesting thing about the recording of tax The main interesting thing about the recording of tax is related to its recording treatment in different books of account. Each and every financial statement has its own purpose. For instance, payment of tax shown in the cash flow statement, irrespective of the fact whether it relates to present year of future year, profit and loss account shows the tax charged on the profit of company. Difficulty to understand the recording of tax It is observed that the main difficulty to record the tax amount is arise when there is differences between domestic and international taxation rules. It becomes cumbersome for the stakeholders to understand which entry has been recorded by following certain taxation rules and regulation. Surprising thing about the recording of tax It is evaluated that company can shows its liabilities of its tax payment as deferred tax assets or deferred tax liabilities. However, the main surprising thing to notice in this case is related to recording of deferred tax liabilities or deferred tax assets in the books of account of company. A company can never have deferred tax liabilities or deferred tax assets in the books of account of company both at the same time (Feldstein, 2009). New Insight about the recording of taxes It is understood that in order to comply with the international taxation rules and domestic taxation rules, company needs to establish harmonization in its recording of tax amount in the books of account of company by following AASB 112 (Garrett, Hoitash and Prawitt, 2014). Conclusion After evaluating the above discussion, it could be inferred that company needs to establish harmonization in its domestic and international accounting standards with a view to formulate effective financial statements. References Avi-Yonah, R.S., 2007.International tax as international law: an analysis of the international tax regime. Cambridge University Press. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. De Broe, L., 2008.International Tax Planning and Prevention of Abuse: A Study Under Domestic Tax Law, Tax Treaties, and EC Law in Relation to Conduit and Base Companies(Vol. 13). Ibfd De Broe, L., 2008.International Tax Planning and Prevention of Abuse: A Study Under Domestic Tax Law, Tax Treaties, and EC Law in Relation to Conduit and Base Companies(Vol. 13). Ibfd. Feldstein, M., 2009. Tax avoidance and the deadweight loss of the income tax.The Review of Economics and Statistics,81(4), pp.674-680. Garrett, J., Hoitash, R. and Prawitt, D.F., 2014. Trust and financial reporting quality.Journal of Accounting Research,52(5), pp.1087-1125. Saad, N., 2014. Tax knowledge, tax complexity and tax compliance: Taxpayers view.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,109, pp.1069-1075. Woolworths Company, 2017, annual report, Retrieved on 27st January, 2017 from https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/investors/our-performance/reports/Reports Yue, P. E. N. G. (2016). Domestic Application of Taxation Treaty: Study on Article 58 of the Enterprise Income Tax Law.Northern Legal Science,6, 014

Beowulf And King Arthur Essays - Beowulf, Geats,

Beowulf And King Arthur Numerous stories about numerous heroes have been told and then retold. All of these heroes do different things and all of them have a different set of qualities which make them heroes. Due to the fact that there are only so many heroic adventures and qualities, most are shared in part with at least one other hero. Such is the case between the great hero, Beowulf, from the epic poem Beowulf and King Arthur from the story of Morte d'Arthur. These great heroes have strong similarities and a great deal of differences. Once their similarities have been compared and then dismissed it is evident that Beowulf is the greater hero of the two. True heroes do good things for good people. Such is the case in Beowulf, Beowulf leaves his homeland to help the Danish people rid themselves of the human eating monster, Grendel. This heroic quality is also evident in Morte d'Arthur, as Arthur consciously rides into a battle in order to rid his people of an evil knight who would not allow others to pass. Both heroes are displaying their concern for others by risking themselves in battle for the greater good. In the same aspect they are also striving for love and respect from the people they protect. In order to obtain maximum respect per battle, both Beowulf and Arthur enter into battle somewhat alone. Beowulf specifically asks, "That [he], alone and with the help of [his] men, / May purge all evil from [the] hall" (Beowulf, line 165-166). His request is granted by Hrothgar, King of the Danes, so he and his man enter into the battle themselves and when Grendel is defeated, the glory, love and respect belong solely to Beowulf and his men. Arthur does the same, "he met with his man and his horse, and so mounted up and dressed his shield and took his spear, and bade his chamberlain tarry there till he came again" (Morte d'Arthur paragraph 20). Although Arthur begins his journey alone he does meet up with Merlin, the court magician and faithful companion, who accompanies him. Much like Beowulf, Arthur gains great respect and praise from all men of worship by fighting alone, even though it is not necessarily the smartest thing to do. The characteristic of being fearless when faced with death is often a trait of heroes because it is associated with courage and strength. King Arthur and Beowulf are not afraid to die, thus showing their courage to their adversaries and peers. When Arthur is faced with death he declares, "welcome be it when it cometh, but to yield me unto thee as [cowardly] I had liefer die than to be so shamed." (Morte d'Arthur, paragraph 34). Simply put he would rather die than admit to defeat and being cowardly. Beowulf feels much the same way about death. He illustrates this by showing no fear for his own life but instead expressing concern for the honor of King Higlac by asking that, "if death does take [him], send the hammered / Mail of [his] armor to Higlac" (Beowulf, line 186-187). In sending his King his armor it recommits himself to his country and lets his King be reminded of his bravery every time he looks upon it. That is the extent to which Beowulf and King Arthur are similar. Beowulf has way more confidence in his fighting ability then Arthur has in his. This is evident in the fact that Beowulf fights Grendel unarmed, he says "my hands / Alone shall fight for me, struggle for life" (Beowulf, line 172-173). His reasoning behind this is that Grendel's, "scorn of men / Is so great that he needs no weapons and fears none [so] / Nor will [he]" (Beowulf, line 167-169). By facing Grendel unarmed to shows that he is brave and more importantly unafraid to be equal to Grendel. Since Grendel is going to fight without the use of weapons, Beowulf creates equality and therefore more respect upon himself by doing the same. Were as the much less confident Arthur fights only with weapons and once his wounds were amended his first thought was, "I have no sword" (Morte d'Arthur, paragraph 41) followed by the task of finding him a sword. This demonstrates Arthur's weakness in his dependence of weapons and thus Beowulf's greatness in comparison. Beowulf is indeed the greater hero as the help he received from his men was useless, not by fault of his men but by the simple fact that Grendel, "had bewitched all

Campaign Finance Reform Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Campaign Finance Reform Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Campaign Finance Reform CAMPAIGN FINANCE REFORM The campaign finance system is corrupted. Spending is out of control, and there are various loopholes in federal campaign finance law. Money buys access and influence, which effectively causes the majority of Americans to have no real capacity to influence public policy. State and federal legislation is needed to fight corruption and unjust influence, to ensure the publics right to know where a candidates money comes from, to enable all candidates to compete equitably in elections, and to allow maximum citizen participation in the political process. Rock the Vote believes that the McCain-Feingold Campaign Finance Reform Bill, in its current state, should be the first piece of legislation signed into law in 2001. Bolder approaches could include: reducing the duration of political campaigns; requiring television and radio stations to air campaign advertising free of charge as a condition for maintaining their broadcast licenses; barring campaign advertising from the airwaves altogether; or placing strict limits on the amounts of money that can be spent by candidates and any and all of their supporters. Rock the Vote supports passing comprehensive legislation for meaningful campaign finance reform. The Mccain-Feingold bill proposes to end the soft money system by prohibiting candidates and national political parties from raising soft money. Soft money is a financial contribution intended to be used for issues advertising that dies not advocate on behalf of, or against, a specific candidate. Political parties currently use the legality of soft-money donations as a loophole in current campaign finance law, finding ways to channel this money into candidates' campaigns. The McCain-Feingold bill prohibits state political parties from spending soft money on activities which affect federal elections, The Current practice of raising unlimited soft money contributions from contributions, unions and wealthy individuals, and then channeling this money into federal elections, would end. The national parties would be required to raise all of their funds under the limits and restrictions in the law. Rock the vote advocates the signing the McCain-Feingold bill into law. Caps must be placed on campaign finance spending. Eliminating the soft-money loophole is one way to monitor, and hopefully restrict, the influence of corporate interest on candidates.

Approaches to analysing discourse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Approaches to analysing discourse - Essay Example One has to know how to speak a particular language in order for them to get to understand and be able to analyze the vocal language. One should be able to read and write in order for one to understand and be able to analyze written materials (JÃ ¸rgensen & Phillips 2009). This is one of the theories that help one in analyzing discourse. Like the name suggests it is very important for one to know why he or she is analyzing the particular language, is it to benefit a person or others. Is the analysis meant to help others or is it just for your own understanding? The relevance theory enables one to know the reasons of conducting the analysis then steps to follow when conducting the analysis (Wodak et.al 2012). The writing language according to the relevance theory is a very broad field. One has to generalize on the subject that one wants to understand and dig deep. The subject will help one narrow down the specific topics one wants to analyze and to what extend one wants to go with the research (Tannen 2012). The Subject or what one is passionate about is the most important thing here. For instance, if one wants to know about the politics of America, the topic is too broad, but it is the guide to what exactly one want to know about the American politics . Then one can decide on the exact thing one wants to know about the American politics (Tannen 2012). Let us say someone wants to know about the first president of America and how it was being the president. This makes work easier for one because one can now gather the relevant reading materials of the particular topic and analyze them. The written materials are available, and the particular topic has probably been researched by many. A lot has been written, but one has to choose the right materials not just anything that has been written about the topic (Marston 2011). Relevance theory suggests that the structure and context of discourse analysis

David Foster Wallace is on YouTube giving the commencement address at Essay

David Foster Wallace is on YouTube giving the commencement address at Kenyon College, a speech that when published, is called T - Essay Example As a function of seeking to understand this particular speech and a more effective manner, the following analysis will take a nuanced approach, incorporating criticism, review, and analysis of Wallace is pronouncements in the hopes that the reader will gain a more informed understanding with respect to the approach that he champions and the relevance of the information that he presents. Wallace starts by discussing the experience of life; exhorting the listener to â€Å"construct meaning and create relevance† from the otherwise mundane and seemingly pointless activities that all human beings, regardless of their socioeconomic status, race, or ethnic origin, must engage as a function of living. From there, the author delves into the issue of what a liberal arts education actually means; denoting that the education itself means nothing. Rather, the ultimate meaning that is derived from a liberal arts education is solely contingent upon what the individual has the potential to do with it. However, the author strongly encourages the listener to avoid a type of arrogance; maintaining critical awareness in its stead. Whereas it is true, as a Wallace states, that reality is ultimately designed with the individual experience as the only measurement through which understanding can be accomplished, seeking to define the world through such a selfish viewpoint necessarily decreases the degree of empathy and understanding that an individual might otherwise exhibit (Boswell 368). As a function of this, Wallace encourages the individual with regards to what they should pay attention to; defining the debate within oneself and utilizing the liberal arts education as a means of affecting this. As such, not becoming detached, not refusing reality because it is painful, sad, monotonous, or mundane, and continually exercising a right and will towards thinking come to be the prime mechanisms through which Wallace point of view can most reasonably be affected (Veggian 99). In effect, what Wallace is promoting is an understanding of the fact that thinking is a choice and should not be an automatic setting; albeit a choice that a liberal arts education necessarily encourages. Finally, hammering this point home further, Wallace discusses the necessity of not being lulled into a complacent routine. Rather, seeking out â€Å"thinking† and utilizing the experiences and knowledge that are gained from a liberal arts education is not only an opportunity but in fact something of a calling that each and every individual that experiences such an education and can draw upon it must necessarily engage. The irony of all of this has to do with the fact that even though each of these points is effectively expounded upon by Wallace, the author and speaker himself ultimately committed suicide in 2008 (Fest 127). Although the events surrounding his suicide remained largely misunderstood, it is the view of this particular author that Wallace was unable to ascribe to t he high standard of open-mindedness, compassion, and a sense of selflessness that he promoted to the audience within the commencement address. However, this inability upon Wallace part should not be understood as an effective dismissal of the

Impact Of The Collapse Of Pan Electric Industries Finance Essay

Impact Of The Collapse Of Pan Electric Industries Finance Essay Pan-Electric Industries was a Singapore-based company that specialized in marine salvage work and had 71 subsidiary companies, it including hotel and property interests with a market capitalization of S$230 million (Wikipedia). The main business of Pan-Electric Industries was the manufacture of refrigerators. In March 1985, Pan-Electric Industries Ltd had joined Tan Koon Swans business kingdom. Pan-Electric defaulted on S$7.5 million installment for S$75 million syndicated loan by Standard Chartered Bank. It also voluntarily requested Stock Exchange Singapore and Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange to suspend its shares on 18 November 1985. The reason given is need to revise right issue and restructure financing. Besides, two other Tan Koon Swan related companies, Sigma and Growth Industries Holdings also request and are granted suspension. Consequently, when it announced a rights issue for S$80 million meant to generate more liquidity, it causes the underwriters to look more closely at Pan-Electric Industries financials and fiscal fundamentals. It also discovered that the company was S$453 million in debt from 35 banks, which there is S$283 million is unsecured. The rights issue was then cancelled and a rescue plan to improve Pan-Electrics position proposed. On the other hand, the loan package for Pan-Electric Industries is unveiled; gain the financial assistance from the banks. There are two ways that the company get loan: (1) to be raised S$200 million through the equity and right issues from other investors of the company. (2) Get the interest-free loan of S$40 million from Tan Koon Swan. When the rescue plan falls through, Tan Koon Swan refuses to pump in the S$40 million unless the repayment priority is raised. However, the creditors are refused to do that. Besides, the legal impediment arises. That money from Tan Koon Swan comes from Sigma, which owns more than 20 percent of Pan-Electric and is therefore not allowed to lend it money under the Companies Act. Due to these reasons, Pan-Electric Industries was officially insolvent and was consequently placed in receivership. This was the trigger that started the domino effect of defaults on forward contracts. In the end, the company collapsed due to unsettled forward contracts, and forcing the stock exchanges of both Singapore and Malaysia to shut down for three days during the year of 1985. The collapse of Pan-Electric following its huge debts and incapability to make good on forward contracts precipitated a systemic crisis that threatened the entire then-nascent stock broking industry. At its demise, the company had a total debt of S$480 million, and all its shares held by 5,500 shareholders were found to be worthless overnight. After that, all the receivers were appointed, and the significant decision was to suspend all trading on Stock Exchange Singapore to forestall panic dumping which threatened to wipe hundreds of millions off the exchange. Tan Koon Swans case was the first ever case of stock manipulation in Singapore which went to the extent of shutting down the Stock Exchange Singapore for three days. Because of that, it is representative of the trend of the white-collar crimes becoming gradually more sophisticated and impressive. In the end only one count was proceeded upon against Tan Koon Swan is that abetting Pan-Electrics finance director, Tan Kok Liang, to commit that the criminal breach of trust of about S$145,000 (which belonged to Pan-El) for which Tan Koon Swan was jailed two years and fined S$500,000. The amount embezzled was applied to pay the interest on three million of Grand United Holding (GUH) shares bought by a Pan-Electric subsidiary, Orchard Hotel. The Orchard Hotel purchase the sh ares were in turn a part of the scheme by Tan Koon Swan to artificially boost the GUH share price. However, Tan Koon Swan was spared any market manipulation charges. As a result of the collapse for Pan-Electric Industries Ltd in December 1985, the key people in the company such as Peter Tham, Tan Kok Liang, and Tan Koon Swan were prosecuted and given varying jail sentences. The collapse of the company shook public confidence in the Stock Exchange Singapore, causing prices of stocks to plunge. -Stock Exchange Singapore had closed trading for three days. The collapse of Pan-Electric Industries Ltd, though incorporated in Singapore, led to the unprecedented closure of both the Singapore Stock Exchanges in December 1985 for three days from 2 December until 4 December. This is due to the failure of a large public company, Pan-Electric Industries Ltd. Since that, the prices of property fell by over 30 percent. The combination of tight liquidity, low inflation and a sharp decline in share and property prices exposed to the financial over-commitments of many entrepreneurs. Moreover, the court issues an order that Pan-Electric Industries has been put into liquidation and accounting firm believed that it had also been dismissed as the conglomerates provisional liquidators. The Pan-Electric along with its 71 subsidiaries had owes about US$168 million to more than 30 banks. Besides, Pan-Electric subsidiaries that cannot be sold as going concerns will be liquidated later but the larger properties, such as the Orchard Hotel in Singapore, and Selco Marine, a salvage operation, had attracted some potential buyers. Creditor banks suspended talks to rescue Pan-Electric soon after Tan Koon Swan, a major Pan-Electric shareholder, also a Malaysian businessman and political leader was arrested as a result of Government investigations into the financial dealings of Pan-Electric. In December 1985, when Pan-Electric went into receivership after failing to meet US$187 million in debt payments, the Singapore and Kuala Lumpur stock exchanges were forced to close for three days. It was a series of inter-linkages which dragged six brokerages to the demise together with Pan-Electric and caused a crisis of confidence that caused the stocks markets to plunge when the Singapore Stocks Exchange re-opened in December 1985 after 3 days of closure. In the local context, it is a day that known as Black Thursday. In addition, it created a movement for stricter regulation of the Singapore Stocks Exchange by Monetary Authority of Singapore. After that, the market had transformed from a self-regulated entity to a tightly-regulated one, in particular with regard to brokerage capital requirements, gearing and margin limits, as well as reserve fund requirements. Because of that, this has since loosened to a disclosure-based regime, where the obligation is on the individual investor to exercise caveat emptor. During the closure of the stock exchange, the Association of Banks and the Stock Exchange of Singapore held some emergency meetings as the affair cast further gloom on the economy, they already forecast to shrink by 2 percent during that year. Besides, there are many comments about the effect of the market to the public and the actions will take by the government. The Singapore Stock Exchange Chairman Ong Tjin An declared that the decision was taken to cool off the market and the public to digest the news of the receivers being appointed at Pan-Electric Industries. There are no details were immediately available, however, some stockbrokers thought that the stock exchange was running out a new plan to strengthen the deficiently shaken local securities industries while banks sought to minimize losses and tighten the credit lines. Furthermore, the financial daily Business Times said that no matter what is the next incident in the Pan-Electric crisis brings, Singapores reputation as a fi nancial capital had suffered as a consequence of this debacle, the gravest in the republics financial history. However, the Stock Exchange of Singapore and the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange did not indicate when they would allow trading to resume, but stockbrokers expected the suspension just will last up to a week. Yet, a senior bank official said: Once you close, there is never a good time to open. Share prices are definitely going to slide. A prolonged closure will worsen market sentiment. In other way, those stockbrokers generally welcomed the suspension in both exchanges, which they believed prevented panic selling and a possible collapse of the stock market. The Stock Exchange of Singapore and the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange work closely because most of the shares are quoted on both exchanges. When the trading was resumed on 5 December 1985, all the share deals had to be conducted on an immediate delivery basis. This means that all the payment had to be made within 24 hours of a trade. Trading on a settlement basis (payment within a month) was suspended indefinitely, while forward trading (payment more than a month later) was completely banned. This settlement period was subsequently changed to T+5 on 6 January 1986, after some overseas clients complained about difficulties in fulfilling the 24-hour delivery rule. At the moment, the settlement cycle is on a T+3 days basis, where all share deals have to be settled three days after the transaction has been entered into. As a result of the shorter settlement timeframe, there is less uncertainty. -Economy of Singapore. The stock market prices of Singapore to plunge. Furthermore, the economy of Singapore seriously gets influence by the Pan-Electric collapse during the year 1985. This is because Singapore was the third most important financial centre in the Asia after Tokyo and Hong Kong by the mid-1980s. In the financial sector, Singapore have sustained double digit growth over the past few decades, accounted for some 23 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employed about 9 percent of the labor force. However, the growth in the financial sector slowed to just 2.6 percent and Singapore Stock Exchange had suffered a Pan-Electric crisis which forced to close for three days in the December. Due to the major crisis in the year 1985, this had troubled domestic economy and there are some people worried that Singapores future as a financial centre looked a bit problematic. Besides, the market underwent a major, prolonged reorganization following the collapse of a Singaporean company, Pan Electric Industries which revealed a massive web of forward share dealings based on borrowed money. The collapse resulted in a tighter regulation of the financial futures market and the securities industry. In addition, the Singapore Stock Exchange Chairman Ong Tjin An said to cool off the market and for the public to digest the news that Pan-Electric Industries had fallen into receivership. The S$230 million Singapore-based conglomerate had collapsed because a complex web of forward contracts involving its shares could not be unwound. The Pan-Electric debacle hurt Singapores reputation as a financial centre. When the Pan-El crisis hit, the Straits Times Index (STI) was already deep in a downward spiral of a bear market that dated back more than two years to May 1983. Because of that, there are a few companies have collapsed and the arrests have started in the wake of the Singapores Black Thursday stock market crash. The economic fallout and political repercussions are expected to last for months as authorities try to untangle a complex maze of transactions that involving banks, stock exchanges, brokerages and speculators in the shares of listed companies in this island state, one of As ias leading financial centers and in neighboring Malaysia. Everyone was hopes for an orderly solution to the financial crisis ended in the late January with the arrest in Singapore of Malaysian financier-politician Tan Koon Swan and the abandonment of efforts to rescue the Pan-Electric Industries Ltd conglomerate. On the other hand, it was replaced by two new committees of the banker-creditors. The purpose to replace the two new panels is that one of the banker-creditor is try to keep the Selco salvage unit afloat as a going concern until a buyer can be found, the other to sell off other divisions. Selco describes itself as the worlds second-largest marine salvage operation and the profits are erratic. However, since they depend on unpredictable events like ships being wrecked by accident, or fighting between Iran and Iraq. The Netherlands-based Smit Tak International BV, the marine salvage industry leader, and the Singapore government-controlled Sembawang Shipyard Ltd have been mentioned in published reports as possible buyers of Selco. One foreign banker who served on the steering committee, and who spoke on condition that he remain unidentified, said any hope of reviving Pan-Electric ended when the Singapore government declined to guarantee new financing. Some brokers say the uninhibited us e of forward contracts led to Pan-Electrics downfall. These now-outlawed agreements to buy or sell shares at predetermined prices three to six months in the future often were used as collateral to raise cash. Hundreds of millions of dollars worth of forward contracts that contributed to the financial squeeze still threaten the markets stability, brokers say. Extensive financing on margin of stock purchases by brokers buying both for their own and the accounts of their clients helped maintain share prices at inflated levels until October. The market became nervous and began drifting lower after Pan-Electric shares were suspended from trading on November 19. It was ordered into receivership by a court on November 30 after the collapse of negotiations aimed at restructuring nearly US$199.7 million in bank debt. The steering committee blamed the breakdown of talks partly on Tan Koon Swan, widely recognized as the most politically powerful and economically influential Chinese in Malaysia. It is quite important to highlight the impact that the Pan-Electric collapse had on the financial system which caused the Singapore Stock Exchange to take such a drastic step as to suspend all stock trading for three days. The forward contracts that Pan-Electric Industries entered into implicated a whole food-chain of banks and brokers. On the other way, an Monetary Authorities of Singapore paper summarised that With forward trading, a whole chain of parties is linked via promises of sale and purchase to the same lot of stock, the line only ending with a purchaser which either wants to keep the stock, or that cannot find someone else to sell it to. If this last purchaser is unable to meet its obligations to pay for the stock when they fall due, a domino effect is created and defaults could occur down the chain. -Investors and stock broking firms. Many investors could not get back their principal money. On the same time, the stock broking firms had make losses. The Pan-Electric crisis can be broken down into two parts. First, there was a systemic threat to the survival of the whole stockbroking industry as the forward contracts the stockbroking firms were involved in came due without buyers, they were forced to settle these purchases, which in some cases amounted to the entire capitalisation of the company many times over. Second, there was a widespread loss of public confidence that followed the collapse of Pan-Electric and the financial troubles of many of the stockbroking firms; this evinced itself in plummeting prices on the Stock Exchange of Singapore. This was what happened during the Pan-Electric, given that the massive amount of forward contracts it had entered into, when Pan-Electric was unable to find a seller for these stocks, its liquidity position, already unstable, was plunged into insolvency. This in turn affected the numerous companies who had contracted to sell shares to Pan-Electric and who now had no buyer for these shares. In addition, stockbroking firms, which had acted as financiers in putting up the margins for forward contracts while the latter were in the process of being re-sold, found that their financial commitments far outweighed their net worth when the pool of buyers dried up. Brokers and bankers in both countries said a number of smaller companies caught in Pan-Electrics stock swap deals, might be forced to close if the banks do not bail them out. Pan-Electrics problems included forward purchases of stocks for US$64 million by some of its subsidiaries. The Singapore Stock Exchange is suspended trading in Pan-Electric and two of its related companies on November 19, and the stock index has since fallen by nearly 70 points to 691.81. The temporary closure does not mean the end of buying and selling. Traders can still come together in the gray market, which will be unsupervised. Besides, concern over Pan-Electrics problems spilled into Hong Kong, where stock prices fell sharply during that time, with the market index dropping 22 points to 1,694.57. Some stockbrokers said the prices were forced lower as Singapore interests sold shares in Hong Kong to raise cash. There is one European broker in Hong Kong said that the retreat was widespread as local and foreig n (investment) institutions joined the Singaporeans in selling today. In addition, a Singapore broker said that the whole affair has left us numb and almost every investor just wants to get out of the market. Other than that, these investors in the stock would have their individual hard-luck stories, all 5,500 of them who ended up with nothing, but the biggest loser in the fiasco was the man at the centre of the storm: Tan Koon Swan, a substantial shareholder of the company holding an indirect 30 percent stake, and the most well-known Chinese politician in Malaysia, as newly-elected President of the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA). Exercising tremendous influence over Pan-Electrics directors in the entering into of forward contracts that were to bring the company to dire straits in 1985, he was later found guilty off and jailed for attempting illegal funds transfers from various sources, including from Multi-Purpose Holdings, the commercial arm of the MCA, during the Pan-Electric crisis period in 1985 in his vain attempt to raise capital to rescue the company from insolvency. A witch-hunt always follows a debacle, that much is certain; and in this case it brought an end to both Tan Ko on Swans business and political careers. Most analysts agree that the system of forward contracts, in which shares are re-sold before their purchase has been settled, was the crux of the Pan-Electric crisis. With forward trading, a whole chain of parties is linked via promises of sale and purchase to the same lot of stock, the line only ending with a purchaser which either wants to keep the stock, or that cannot find someone else to sell it to. If this last purchaser is unable to meet its obligations to pay for the stock when they fall due, a domino effect is created and defaults could occur down the chain. Impact in Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange had stopped trading for three days. Due to the Pan-Electric crisis, the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange actually closed for a few days in the December 1985. The main reason is the failure of the large public company Pan-Electric Industries Limited. This crisis had brought a big crash on the economy of Malaysia. The property prices fell by over 30 percent. The combination of tight liquidity, low inflation, and a sharp decline in share and property prices exposed the financial over-commitments of many entrepreneurs. In addition, with the three-day suspension of the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, and the subsequent collapse of the share prices where $10.8 billion shares value was wiped out on the resumption of trading because of Tan Koon Swans Pan Electric crisis scandal. Malaysian attention had been distracted from a radical departure from NACSE Endorsed Provider (NEP) guidelines. This is the government decision recently too arbitrarily, without nation or consultation, to raise the bumiputra quota for new shares issue from 30% to as high as over 70%. On the other way, there is a latest report from Singapore that four more Pan Electric Industries subsidiaries have been placed in the hands of receivers and managers highlight the gravity and complexity of the Pan Electric crisis, which had cause the three-day suspension of the Kuala Lumpur and Singapore stock exchanges, and wiping out $10.8 billion of the total shares value in Malaysia on the day Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange resumed trading. Political of Malaysia had been affected because chairman of Malaysia Chinese Association (MCA) involved in the crisis. During the year of 1985, Malaysia government plan to hold a general elections in end February or early March at that year, but it was sabotaged by the following scandal of the arrest in Singapore of Malaysia Chinese Association (MCA) President, Tan Koon Swan, on 15 charges on criminal breach of trust, cheating and fraud in connection with the Pan-Electric crisis, which closed down the stock market of two countries for three days and wiping out S$10.8 billion from the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. However, after a month of the Tan Koon Swan MCA leadership, it is clear that the MCA had never had such weak and unsuccessful new leadership in the MCA party history. MCA can never hope to have any effective voice in the government as long as the MCA leadership and in particular Tan Koon Swan is bogged down by the Pan Electric crisis. The Pan Electric scandal also has weakened the hand of MCA leadership that it dare not put pressure on the UMNO leadership on any issue, for it had to depend in the final analysis on the government to help bail out Tan Koon Swan, whether directly or indirectly by giving government blessings and encouragement to UNICO to salvage Tan Koon Swan. Furthermore, the Pan-Electric crisis not only weakens the MCA leadership but also the politic of Malaysia. The new MCA President, Tan Koon Swan has failed the Malaysian Chinese community for up till now, they have refused to let the people know the full story of the Pan Electric crisis. No wonder, the MCA leaders are unable to press for the publication of the Ahmad Nordin Inquiry Committee final report into the $2.5 billion BMF loans scandal in Hong Kong. The new MCA leadership should hold an emergency meeting to discuss the Pan Electric crisis, and how the MCA has been made more ineffective and impotent by Tan Koon Swans personal involvement in the Pan Electric crisis. Instead, the new MCA leaders seem to be more interested with building up their new political empires. Besides, the new MCA leaders are spending a lot of time and money renovating the MCA Headquarters, where every floor that is occupied by the MCA is being renovated, and the express could be as high as a million dollars. Other than that, if the MCA leaders, branches and members could not differentiate between charges involving corporate crimes, leading to a crisis which resulted in the three-day suspension of the Kuala Lumpur and Singapore stock exchanges and billions of dollars of shares losses by the invertors and politics, then it is a sad indication on the level, quality and standard of the new MCA. The MCA leaders, branches and members had been organising demonstrations throughout the country, stop the Singapore cars at the Johor causeway, threatening the economic boycott of Singapore goods and services and even threatening to out the water supply from Johor to Singapore. However, by making all these empty threats, those people are doing more harm than good. As they follow the MCA leaders, branches and members in such wild threats. It has also not escaped the attention of the Malaysian Chinese that on vital issues affecting the fundamental political, economic, educational, cultural, and religiou s rights of the people and future generations, the MCA leaders, branches and members are incapable of any demonstrations. At the same time, Tan Koon Swan had explain that the conflict with his explanation last December on his rescue of Pan Electric Industries. The $23 million controversial sum of Multi-Purpose is becoming more and more out of the ordinary. The explanation by Tan Koon Swan about the circumstances of the loss of the $23 million by MPH last November, conflict with his explanation last December on his attempts to save Pan Electric. Tan Koon Swan said yesterday that on 21st of November 1985, the MPH Board passed a resolution authorizing to the company to make a $23 million investment in Pan Electric. This is to relieve the MPH of its shipping company which was facing grave losses and authorized the sun to be disbursed on Tan Koon Swans instructions. But on 3rd December 1985, after the collapse of Pan Electric and the three-day closure of the stock exchanges of Malaysia and Singapore, Tan Koon Swan mid that he had been having sleepless nights for the past two weeks trying to come out with a financial package to help save Pan Electrics problems. This means that when the MPH Board met on 21st November 1985, Tan Koon Swan was already unable to sleep over Pan Electrics problems. Clearly, he could still sleep over MPHs problems. But how, we are to believe that even at that date, Tan Koon Swan was trying to save MPH from its shipping losses, rather than save Pan Electric. Pan Electric shareholders have expressed out their great shock at the latest revelations, for this was in total conflict with the picture that Tan Koon Swan had presented later, but Tan Koon Swan went to the rescue of Pan Electric without any personal interest. What is involved here is not just what exactly transpired in last November, as to whether Tan Koon Swan was trying to save Pan Electric or Multi-Purpose or merely himself, but the question of the credibility of the President, of MCA, which claims to represent five million Malaysian Chinese. The MCA central Executive Committee to publicly declare their agreement that a public inquiry be recognized into this matter, to determine the exact circumstances leading to the pay-out of $23 million of MPH funds into Pan Electirc, it resulting in a total loss. Tan Koon Swan should bear the full $23 million although he had explained that this decision was taken by the MPH with full knowledge of the circumstances of Pan Electric, then it is most unreasonable whether legally or morally. This should be the moral responsibility of every MPH to share in its losses, including the MPH chairman, Datuk Lee San Choon, and the MCA youth Leader and Deputy Minister of Trade and Industry, Kee Yong Wee, who was also a MPH Board Member for the full year in 1985. If the MPH Board are so heartless as to make Tan Koon Swan to bear responsibility for the $23 million, when it is public knowledge that Tan Koon Swan is hard-pressed for money and the MPH Board Members owe the people an explanation for thei r merciless conduct. After that, the press have reported that the balance of $5 million had not been paid, as the cheque was not presented for payment. At the end, Tan Koon Swan was responsible for tens of thousands of people using their hard-earned savings to buy MPH shares and were also prevailed not to sell by Tan Koon Swan who phoned up from London- or they would not have to face so great a lost where MPH shares is struggling between 35 to 40 cents a share. Not only that, there could be no heated discussion that Tan Koon Swans voice in the highest Barisan Nasional council is so weak that he had to try to rally Gerakan support, although it was none other than Gerakan President, Dr. Lim Keng Yaik, who predicted early of the month that the MCA would disintegrate into another major party feud within 30 days-showing utter lack of confidence and contempt in Tan Koon Swans leadership. After Keng Yaiks contemptuous statement, Lee San Chooh or even Neo Yee Pan would have pleaded for Gerakan support like Tan Koon Swan. UMNO leaders will never allow Tan Koon Swan to forget that if not for their intervention in the 22-month MCA crisis, Tan Koon Swan would have no chance in being elected as MCA President on November of 24.There is now circulating in the country the talk that over the Pan Electric affair, a top government and UMNO leader had intervened with the Singapore authorities on behalf of Tan Koon Swan. If this is true, then Tan Koon Swans voi ce and influence in the highest Barisan Nasional councils is even less than before. Malaysia Chinese Association (MCA). The Chairman of MCA Mr. Tan Koon Swan had been jailed due to this crisis. During the Pan-Electric crisis, Tan Koon Swan was charged in the district court with six counts of abetting criminal breach of trust that designed to dishonestly dispose of the equivalent of S$2.6 million worth of assets in the Pan-Electric group. Pan-Electric is involved in marine salvage, real estate, hotels and manufacturing. It has more or less 5,500 stockholders and 1,500 employees in 68 subsidiaries and affiliates in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Brunei and the United States. A steering committee representing Pan-Electrics 38 creditor banks disbanded in the late January of 1986 after agreeing to orderly disposal of the companys assets. Later on, Tan Koon Swan has been arraigned with another nine new charges, bringing to a total fifteen charges which he had to stand trial in Singapore in connection with the Pan Electric crisis, covering the breach of trust offences, fraud and cheating. Tan Koon Swan was required to hand over another S$20 million for the additional charges, breaking his own world record when he had to post S$20 million for the first six charges-bringing a total of S$40 million bail. On 23rd of January 1986, As mention that Tan Koon Swan was charged with six counts of criminal breach of trust offences amounting to S$5.6 million, there was surprise and shock that such a sum of S$20 million bail was required. Similarly, a total of fifteen charges involving more than S$29 million were read out against Tan Koon Swan, there was also surprise and shock a total bail of S$40 million was required. But what is even more surprising and shocking is why Tan Koon Swans lawyers had not raised any objection to the gi gantic bail in both instances, whether the initial S$20 million bail was imposed, or yesterday, when a total of S$40 million bail was called for. At the end, Tan Koon Swan is being jailed for two years and fined S$500,000 due to the Pan-Electric crisis that had a huge impact to the stock exchange of the two countries which are Singapore and Malaysia.

Merry Christmas Essay -- Personal Narrative Essays

Christmas break had just started and a chilly gust of air blew right through me as I walked up to my front door, still in shock from the night’s trauma. Dave called me as I was driving home from my boyfriend, Mike’s house and said that he needed to talk to me about Julie, my best friend and his girlfriend. Because we were also good friends, I, of course, agreed. He was driving home from a basketball camp and said he would call again when he was on his way over. I thought nothing of it because I knew that he and Julie had recently taken a break from each other in order to possibly save their relationship, just like Mike and I had done almost three weeks earlier. I figured he wanted to ask me questions about how Mike and I were handling it and what he could do to reconcile with Julie. He called around nine o’clock and said he had just driven across the causeway and would be at my house in five minutes. I hurriedly threw on a sweatshirt over my long-sleeved t-shirt and jeans. Dave came to the door and told my parents we were going out for ice cream. My mother knew better and flashed me a questioning look because I am lactose-intolerant and cannot eat ice cream. But I shrugged it off thinking that he just didn’t want to tell my parents that we were going to go talk about our respective relationship problems. We climbed into his white Jeep Cherokee and headed out of my neighborhood. I asked him, â€Å"Where are we going exactly?† And he said, â€Å"Down to the beach where it’s quiet and we can talk without anyone overhearing us.† This should have tipped me off. We pulled into a parking spot at The Boardwalk, a popular hang-out for high-school students during summer, and climbed out of the car. We walked down the decrepit wo... ...ng to Louisville the next morning to spend Christmas with my family, and we had to get up at 4:30 am. I walked into my room and locked the door behind me. I was supposed to call Mike back after â€Å"talking† with Dave, but I wanted nothing to do with boys. Yes, I loved Mike, but I didn’t know how to explain what happened or what he would think of me. So I just jumped in the shower and climbed into bed, all the time trying to pretend that I hadn’t just been raped by someone who I thought was my friend. It’s been almost four years now, and I’ve recovered quite well. I am still currently with Mike, who does not hold the fact that I was raped against me. He listens to me when I need to talk about it, holds me when I need to be held, and does so without judging me. Telling him was one of the most difficult things I have ever had to do. Now all I have to do is tell Julie.

Debate Paper

Whether or not armed security guards should be in schools has been a debate for years but has really been brought into the limelight since the most recent tragedies of Columbine, Virginia Tech and Sandy Hook. The supporters of having armed security in our school districts believe that it is a needed layer of security and helps to diminish response time if necessary while keeping children, parents and teachers feeling safer to be in school. The ones against having guns in the schools believe that we have had armed guards in schools and it did nothing to stop it.They also believe that the cost is too high while also worrying about their children’s psyche from being around loaded weapons every day. No matter which side you are on, there are great arguments for both sides that are logical as well as emotional and it is everyone’s job to listen to all of the information that is available and make their decision based on what they feel is the best choice. That choice could be one of the most important decisions that they ever make because it could mean the difference between life and death.Sandy Hook Elementary School, Columbine High School, Virginia Tech, and the University of Texas at Austin were some of the most televised and the deadliest school shootings that have ever occurred in the United States. Since 1992, there have been over 387 school shootings which are way too many for the United States which poses the question, why did these tragedies happen in the first place? If we had armed security guards or a military/police presence at our institutions of development and higher learning would these tragedies have been prevented or could there have been less loss of life?The answer is that having an armed guard would not have prevented these attacks from individuals whose entire intention was to commit murder. Look at Columbine and Virginia Tech, both of these facilities had armed guards on their campus and it did nothing to stop the attack. The att ackers observed the guards behaviors and learned their routines for patrolling and made their moves when they could get past the guards without detection.This also raises the question is if the school is liable for the deaths of these students since they had trained professionals on site and they did nothing to stop the attack could the school be charged with negligence? So with the evidence of having two of the most brutal school shootings of all time happen while armed security was present, what makes you think that they could stop an incident somewhere else? Deciding whether or not armed security would actually stop an attack is important but so is figuring out how to pay such high costs to have these armed personnel on site to protect our children.Most schools are struggling as it is to keep viable programs such as the arts running while also trying to keep their schools staffed with teachers and other personnel. How could they even fathom paying more money for security when the y cannot even keep an art class going? The average salary for armed security guards across the country is around $55,000 per year then you have to factor in training, equipment, uniforms, and benefits so, on average a school would have to pay $100,000 per year for one security guard for their school.Now some school districts only have a few schools but others have a lot more and they would have a hard time paying for that. Of course, a lot of people would argue that you should not put a price tag on our children’s safety but in many cases the price of their educations would diminish because less money would be spent there to be able to pay for security. Could a school district along with the parents choose to take education away from the students in order to add armed guards in the chance that something goes wrong?Education is a key component in raising a smart, self-sufficient adult. The other factor that becomes a part of cost is having the money to pay for the lawyers and incidentals in the chance that the security guard acted inappropriately. What if there is an accidental shooting or a guard becomes over zealous in what they feel that their responsibilities are? These factors could lead to major lawsuits that the school would be responsible for by either having to represent that officer or in paying settlement and court costs for a lawsuit.These are added costs that the majority of the schools across the United States cannot afford to take on. The safety of schools have been tested more in the recent years with news coverage of the most recent incident in Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut, where twenty children and six staff members lost their lives. With the recent rise of school shootings it is no wonder parents are concerned for their children’s safety in schools.Where drugs and peer pressure were once major concerns, in today’s society, we worry about our children dying in the hands of armed shooters. While ther e is much controversy over how to protect the future of America’s children, lawmakers are supporting a bill to allow armed guards to stand and protect our children in the school systems by creating laws to allow armed security in the schools. â€Å"The Indiana amendment's sponsor, Rep. Jim Lucas (R), said he believes mass shootings like the one in Newtown could be prevented by more firearms. † (Resmovits, 2013).In support of armed guards, the National Rifle Association has paid for research and found among the study’s central conclusions is that ‘‘the presence of armed security personnel adds a layer of security and diminishes response time’’ in a shooting, (Asa) Hutchinson said. (Asa Hutchinson) cited a 1997 Mississippi incident in which an assistant principal ran to his truck to retrieve a . 45-caliber semiautomatic pistol and subdued a gunman who had already shot two students (Stolberg). † New legislation would allow armed teac hers, staff members, or on-duty patrols to respond if a situation were to occur.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"The (National Rifle Association's) model legislation would lift restrictions on guns in schools and require specific training for school employees who choose to carry guns. † (Resmovits, 2013). In this time of uncertainty, President Barack Obama, is trying to pass stricter gun laws. â€Å"As President Obama tries to persuade a reluctant Congress to pass new gun laws, the poll found that a majority of Americans -54 percent- think gun control laws should be tightened, up markedly from a CBS News poll last April that found that only 39 percent backed stricter laws.† (Cooper and Sussman, 2013).There is much speculation this increase could be as a result of the Newtown shooting. Meaning people are seeking security, parents are worried for their children, and there is widespread fear of a situation like Newtown ever happening again. Which brings us back to our controversial view, why is having an armed guard important? Having an armed guard might also dissuade any possible shooters from attempting to attack the school, avoiding the situation altogether. The armed guard would be a figure of authority and possible intimidation of any gunmen.As the saying goes ‘you can’t bring a knife to a gun fight’ therefore it would be hasty to think schools can stop armed intruders with anything other than a gun itself. Usually these gunmen are suicidal and seeking attention, where they understand their outcome is death, therefore restraining is not enough. A gunman at this level would not hesitate to shoot first, regardless of who is in their way, which is why having someone on site ready to respond and taken the gunman down is an ideal solution. As a parent there is nothing more important than keeping your kids safe and the same goes for a teacher and their students.Many parents feel that whatever a school needs to do to keep their children safe they are more than willing to agree with. Teachers feel more relaxed that they have someone there to help them in an emergency situation that can help protect the children and children feel safer knowing that they have someone to turn to when their parents are not around to protect them. Some people might argue that having a loaded gun in the school might mess with a child’s mental state because it makes them feel that guns are the only form of protection so they would prefer them not to be there.The reality of the situation is that we live in a world that can be tragic and devastating at times and a lot of kids are forced to see things that are way beyond their years and they are circumstances that no child should have to deal with. But, the great thing about kids is that they are resilient and very smart and with the proper education could be taught about right and wrong and why they need to have armed security guards at school. It is just like explaining to your kids how to dial 91 1 or where in the house the smoke detectors and fire extinguishers are.You also make your kids wear seatbelts and bike helmets to protect them so that they do not get hurt in case of an accident. Parents do these things not to scare their kids but to prepare them in case of emergencies. Children are not equipped to handle an active shooter in school nor should they ever be expected to just like you would not teach a child how to fight a fire but teaching them that this person(s) on campus are there to protect them in that small chance that someone comes into their classroom wishing to do them harm.Parents and teachers would love nothing more than to let their children believe that the world is filled with rainbows and teddy bears but the reality is that it is not and no matter how much people try to protect children from evil you are doing them a disservice by not telling them the truth. It would be morally wrong to lie to children and to make them feel safe when there is a potentia l for danger. Ethically it is the responsibility as parents and teachers to teach children that there may be evil in the world but there is also a lot of good and that there are always people here to protect us.Making a child feel safe and secure while also making the parents and teachers that are responsible for these kids is clearly more important than what it might cost or the possibility that having proper security might possibly fail. There have been too many shooting incidents in the United States but who knows the number of shootings that were prevented because a school chose to have security on campus. Proper knowledge and training is key to making sure that these security guards can do there jobs to protect the innocent.Another option for a school that may not have the financial resources is to hire off-duty police officers to work details on there days off because this would cost a lot less and you are guaranteed to have highly trained and dedicated people willing to put t heir life on the line for your children. As a society why are we more willing to pay for name brand clothes for our kids then add security that can save their lives?During a situation as horrific as an active shooter in a school is a serious issue that unfortunately is our reality today and we have to prepare that it could happen and having armed and trained security personnel on site could mean the matter between life and death and is this something we really want to chance because of money or the possibility that it is for nothing? We do not get into car accidents every day but we always make sure that are children are buckled up so why should adding security measures to schools be any different?

Anode Definition

Definition: An anode is the electrode where oxidation reactions take place. Anodes are positively charged and attract anions and expel electrons.